Tambura

The Tambura, also known as the Tanpura, is a plucked string instrument that serves as the harmonic foundation of Indian classical music. Unlike melodic instruments, it is not used to play tunes but to create a constant drone that supports the performer’s pitch. It usually has four or five strings tuned to the notes of the raga being performed. The gentle plucking of its strings produces a rich, resonant hum that fills the air with warmth and stability. Crafted from hollow wood or gourd, its long neck and polished resonator amplify its deep tonal quality. The sound of the Tambura symbolizes balance and harmony, helping both the artist and listener stay centered in the raga’s mood. It is indispensable in both Hindustani and Carnatic performances, creating a peaceful, meditative background. The instrument’s subtle vibration is said to purify the mind and elevate concentration. Even though it plays no melody, its continuous resonance connects every note sung or played. The Tambura truly represents the soul and foundation of Indian classical music.